Glossary
Cohort
Cohort is a group of people who share a defining characteristic over the same period — usually birth year.
Why it matters
A generation is a cohort defined by birth years. The word matters because cohort effects, period effects and age effects are three different things that get confused constantly.
An age effect is something true of all 12-year-olds in every era. A period effect is something that happened to everyone alive at a given moment. A cohort effect is something specific to people born in a particular window.
Most claims about generations are actually age effects being mislabelled. Teenagers have always been moody; that is not a Gen Z finding.
More terms
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The age at which half a population is older and half younger.
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The share of a population living in areas classified as urban.
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